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Breast Reconstruction
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Cleft Lip and Palate
Congenital Hand Anomalies
Double Jaw Surgery
Ear Reconstruction
Facial Fractures
Fat Injection
Genital Organ Reconstruction
Head and Neck Surgery
Lower Extremity Surgery
Scar Revisions
Skin Cancer Removal
Toe-to-Hand Transplantation
Upper Extremity Surgery
No treatments in this area.
Reconstructive surgery aims to restore tissue, bone and function that were lost at birth or later. The difference from aesthetic surgery is that priority is given to lost form and function before appearance. Both are practised in the same specialty, with the same anatomical knowledge.
Breast reconstruction, hand and microsurgery, congenital differences of the hand and face, repair after skin tumours, and trauma sit under this heading. At the Nişantaşı clinic, Prof. Dr. Şükrü Yazar builds the plan — often in more than one step.
Which reconstructive procedures are there?
Reconstruction is not a single operation. Tissue loss, nerve and vessel repair, bone alignment or scar each need different techniques. The cards above are the main reconstruction fields in the clinic; detail sits on the treatment page.
Procedures in the aesthetic hubs aim at a chosen form. Here, the aim is integrity after loss, a congenital difference or disease. The two worlds can meet: after reconstruction, an aesthetic touch may be needed for symmetry. This article explains how a decision is made and when waiting is right.
Main areas, in brief
Every loss is different; still, separating the fields at a high level makes the choice easier.
- Breast reconstructionRebuilds form after mastectomy or congenital absence; implant, own tissue or combined paths are chosen at examination.
- Hand and microsurgeryPuts function first. Vascularised tissue transfer is not needed in every case; indication depends on the site and size of the defect.
- Head, neck and faceConcerns appearance as well as chewing, speech or the hearing area. Sequence is set after oncologic or trauma safety.
- Skin and scarHolds tumour safety and scar quality together. Aggressive scar revision is often deferred until the scar has matured.
- Genital reconstructionAims at function and integrity in congenital or acquired loss; its purpose differs from aesthetic genital procedures.
How is the decision made?
Diagnosis comes first: imaging, pathology, previous operative notes and a functional examination. Then options are set out — each with gain, risk and rehabilitation. In large reconstructions, sequence matters more than finishing in one session.
Surgery is chosen because it is the most suitable path for that loss, not because it is the most spectacular method at hand. If observation or a smaller step is better, that is said too.
Surgical methods and their limits
Free flaps, vascularised tissue transfer and nerve repair come into play according to the size of the defect. Not every case needs microsurgery. When it does, that infrastructure is planned with Prof. Dr. Şükrü Yazar’s microsurgical experience.
Technology and magnified surgery increase precision; the decision is still set by tissue blood supply, infection risk and your general health.
Reconstruction for the person
Two mastectomies do not produce the same reconstruction. Irradiated tissue, smoking, diabetes and body habitus change the path. In congenital anomalies, age and growth also enter the calendar.
Success is measured not only on the day of surgery, but with physiotherapy and long follow-up. That wait is discussed from the start.
How does the process work?
The first step is sharing records: discharge summaries, pathology, imaging. A remote preview is possible, but complex reconstruction still needs an in-person examination. The plan is written with steps, hospital stay and rehabilitation.
At discharge, wound care, movement limits and warning signs are clear. For patients travelling from abroad, documents to share with a local physician are prepared.
A second opinion
A reconstruction proposal can be large and hard to reverse. A second opinion is to read the diagnosis and sequence independently. It is ordinary especially after tumour reconstruction and in microsurgical plans.
Safety, recovery and rehabilitation
Reconstruction is only as good as the care around it: infection prevention, circulation checks, pain and physiotherapy. In hand and breast reconstruction, the balance between early movement and protection is set by the physician.
A pale flap, rising pain, fever or unexpected discharge needs urgent notice. Rehabilitation is a continuation of the operation; it is not an optional extra.
When is waiting or a smaller operation right?
If tumour margins are not clear, oncologic safety comes first. After trauma, bone alignment may not be readable until swelling settles. Aggressive scar revision is often deferred until the scar has matured.
Waiting is not indifference. It waits until the tissue can be read.
Comparing options
Implant breast reconstruction versus own-tissue reconstruction; a local flap versus a free flap; one session versus staged surgery are different paths. A written plan should show the scar, duration and functional expectation of each.
This page is for general information only. It is not a diagnosis, a treatment recommendation, or a personalised plan. Which procedure is appropriate for you is decided after a qualified physician examines you.